Table 1 Modifications suggested by the experts and translators for the culturally adapted VHNSS 2.0
Item No/Original item | First version | Second version with cultural modifications | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|
“I have lost my appetite.” |
|
| More accurate |
“I have thick mucus or phlegm.” |
|
| More comprehensive and culturally appropriate Experiential equivalence maintained |
“My average pain level over the last week has been…” |
|
| Better clarity Semantic equivalence maintained |
“The average relief from my pain medication is…” |
|
| Better clarity Semantic equivalence maintained |
“I have a burning sensation in the lining of my mouth and throat.” |
|
| Simple and clear Semantic equivalence maintained |
“The lining of my mouth and throat is sensitive to dryness.” |
|
| Clear and culturally more appropriate Semantic equivalence maintained |
“I have limitations in the ability to open or move my jaw.” |
|
| More specific and clear Semantic equivalence maintained |
