Characterizing the quality-of-life impact of Duchenne muscular dystrophy on caregivers: a case-control investigation

Schwartz, Carolyn E.; Stark, Roland B.; Audhya, Ivana F.; Gooch, Katherine L.

doi:10.1186/s41687-021-00386-y

Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes

Table 5. Group and Child Age Main- and Interaction-Effects from General Linear Models Adjusted for Propensity Scores

From: Characterizing the quality-of-life impact of Duchenne muscular dystrophy on caregivers: a case-control investigation

Dependent variable	Parameter	b	Std. error	t	p	95% Confidence interval		Partial eta squared
Dependent variable	Parameter	b	Std. error	t	p	Lower bound	Upper bound	Partial eta squared
PROMIS physical	Child Age 18+	0.33	1.07	0.31	0.76	− 1.78	2.43	0.000
	Child Age 13–17	1.20	1.09	1.10	0.27	− 0.94	3.34	0.001
	Child Age 8–12	− 0.89	1.00	− 0.89	0.37	− 2.85	1.06	0.001
	DMD Caregiver	6.00	1.07	5.60	0.00	3.90	8.10	0.027
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 18+	− 6.45	1.48	− 4.34	0.00	− 9.36	− 3.53	0.017
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 13–17	− 9.00	1.55	− 5.81	0.00	− 12.04	− 5.96	0.029
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 8–12	− 2.08	1.49	− 1.40	0.16	− 4.99	0.84	0.002
PROMIS mental	Child Age 18+	0.49	1.08	0.45	0.65	− 1.63	2.61	0.000
	Child Age 13–17	2.76	1.10	2.51	0.01	0.60	4.92	0.006
	Child Age 8–12	0.64	1.01	0.63	0.53	− 1.34	2.61	0.000
	DMD Caregiver	3.14	1.08	2.90	0.00	1.02	5.26	0.008
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 18+	− 4.49	1.50	− 3.00	0.00	− 7.43	− 1.55	0.008
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 13–17	− 8.99	1.56	− 5.76	0.00	− 12.05	− 5.93	0.029
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 8–12	− 4.22	1.50	− 2.81	0.00	− 7.16	− 1.28	0.007
NeuroQOL positive affect and well being	Child Age 18+	0.50	0.78	0.64	0.52	− 1.03	2.04	0.000
	Child age 13–17	0.65	0.80	0.82	0.41	− 0.91	2.22	0.001
	Child age 8–12	0.76	0.73	1.04	0.30	− 0.67	2.19	0.001
	DMD caregiver	− 0.49	0.78	− 0.63	0.53	− 2.03	1.04	0.000
	DMD caregiver * Child age 18+	− 2.41	1.08	− 2.22	0.03	− 4.54	− 0.28	0.004
	DMD caregiver * Child age 13–17	− 1.46	1.13	− 1.29	0.20	− 3.68	0.76	0.001
	DMD caregiver * Child age 8–12	− 0.15	1.09	− 0.14	0.89	− 2.28	1.98	0.000
Ryff environmental mastery	Child age 18+	2.79	0.79	3.53	0.00	1.24	4.34	0.011
	Child age 13–17	1.89	0.81	2.34	0.02	0.30	3.47	0.005
	Child age 8–12	0.85	0.74	1.15	0.25	− 0.60	2.29	0.001
	DMD caregiver	2.68	0.79	3.38	0.00	1.13	4.23	0.010
	DMD caregiver * Child age 18+	− 5.46	1.10	− 4.98	0.00	− 7.62	− 3.31	0.022
	DMD caregiver * Child age 13–17	− 6.11	1.14	− 5.34	0.00	− 8.36	− 3.87	0.025
	DMD caregiver * Child age 8–12	− 3.36	1.10	− 3.06	0.00	− 5.51	− 1.21	0.008
Resilience	Child age 18+	0.01	0.12	0.07	0.94	− 0.22	0.24	0.000
	Child age 13–17	0.07	0.12	0.57	0.57	− 0.17	0.31	0.000
	Child Age 8–12	0.03	0.11	0.25	0.80	− 0.19	0.24	0.000
	DMD Caregiver	− 0.07	0.12	− 0.57	0.57	− 0.30	0.17	0.000
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 18+	0.11	0.16	0.66	0.51	− 0.21	0.43	0.000
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 13–17	− 0.30	0.17	− 1.75	0.08	− 0.64	0.04	0.003
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 8–12	0.00	0.16	0.00	1.00	− 0.32	0.32	0.000
Stress	Child Age 18+	− 7.51	1.61	− 4.65	0.00	− 10.68	− 4.35	0.019
	Child Age 13–17	− 5.64	1.64	− 3.43	0.00	− 8.86	− 2.41	0.010
	Child Age 8–12	− 1.16	1.50	− 0.77	0.44	− 4.11	1.79	0.001
	DMD Caregiver	− 5.70	1.61	− 3.53	0.00	− 8.87	− 2.53	0.011
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 18+	10.58	2.24	4.73	0.00	6.19	14.96	0.020
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 13–17	15.60	2.33	6.69	0.00	11.02	20.17	0.039
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 8–12	3.90	2.24	1.74	0.08	− 0.50	8.29	0.003
Difficulty Paying Bills	Child Age 18+	− 0.40	0.13	− 3.00	0.00	− 0.66	− 0.14	0.008
	Child Age 13–17	− 0.30	0.14	− 2.17	0.03	− 0.56	− 0.03	0.004
	Child Age 8–12	− 0.06	0.12	− 0.49	0.63	− 0.30	0.18	0.000
	DMD Caregiver	0.02	0.13	0.11	0.91	− 0.25	0.28	0.000
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 18+	0.53	0.19	2.84	0.00	0.16	0.89	0.007
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 13–17	0.88	0.19	4.56	0.00	0.50	1.26	0.018
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 8–12	0.26	0.19	1.39	0.17	− 0.11	0.62	0.002
Hours Missed from Work*	Child Age 18+	− 2.16	1.20	− 1.80	0.07	− 4.51	0.19	0.004
	Child Age 13–17	− 1.03	1.09	− 0.95	0.34	− 3.17	1.10	0.001
	Child Age 8–12	− 0.42	1.00	− 0.42	0.68	− 2.38	1.55	0.000
	DMD Caregiver	3.28	1.13	2.90	0.00	1.06	5.50	0.011
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 18+	− 0.77	1.65	− 0.47	0.64	− 4.01	2.47	0.000
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 13–17	− 2.37	1.76	− 1.35	0.18	− 5.83	1.08	0.002
	DMD Caregiver * Child Age 8–12	− 2.25	1.62	− 1.39	0.17	− 5.43	0.93	0.003

*Excludes those not working

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