Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes

Table 5 KPCS means, standard deviations, and differences between and within groups for nine- and 15-item versions at two and six months

From: Maternal confidence after birth in at-risk and not-at-risk mothers: internal and external validity of the Danish version of the Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale (KPCS)

	2 months		6 months		Δ
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
15-item version (0–45)
All	41.08	3.37	42.03	2.69	0.95***	2.72
Not-at-risk	41.75	2.86	42.41	2.37	0.67***	2.26
At-risk	39.51	3.92	41.12	3.15	1.60***	3.49
Group Δ	1.7***		0.99***		−0.93**
9-item version (0–27)
All	23.52	2.87	24.45	2.23	0.93***	2.37
Not-at-risk	24.03	2.49	24.74	1.97	0.72***	2.00
At-risk group	22.33	3.22	23.75	2.63	1.42***	3.02
Group Δ	1.70***		0.99***		−0.70**

*** p < 0.000; ** p < 0.01; * p < 0.05
Δ: Difference between means at two and six months. Positive value indicates higher score at six months
Group Δ: Difference between at-risk and not at risk group. A positive value indicates a higher score in the not-at-risk group

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