Perceived COVID-19 pandemic impact and protective factors predicting patient-reported depression and anxiety in individuals living with cancer

Fortune, Erica E.; Zaleta, Alexandra K.; Morris, Victoria G.

doi:10.1186/s41687-023-00571-1

Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes

Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of the sample (N = 520)

From: Perceived COVID-19 pandemic impact and protective factors predicting patient-reported depression and anxiety in individuals living with cancer

	Category/range	M/n	SD/%^a
Age	Range 20–88	M = 60.0	SD = 12.1
Gender	Woman	393	76%
	Man	126	24%
	Genderqueer/non-binary	1	< 1%
Race	White	429	83%
	Black or African American	35	7%
	Asian or South Asian	16	3%
	American Indian or Alaskan Native (AIAN)	2	< 1%
	Other/Multiple races	27	5%
	Prefer not to share	11	2%
Ethnicity	Hispanic or Latino/a	30	6%
Education	No college	37	7%
	Some college	105	20%
	Associate or bachelor’s degree	200	39%
	Graduate or professional degree	173	33%
	Prefer not to share	5	1%
Annual income	< $20 K	39	8%
	$20–39 K	86	17%
	$40–59 K	76	15%
	$60–79 K	53	10%
	$80–99 K	51	10%
	$100 K +	123	24%
	Prefer not to share/Don’t know	92	18%
Employment	Full-time	123	24%
	Part-time	52	10%
	Retired	193	38%
	Disability	102	20%
	Unemployed	50	10%
Cancer diagnosis	Hematological Cancers	150	29%
	Breast Cancer	148	29%
	Gynecologic Cancers	36	7%
	Prostate Cancer	31	6%
	Lung Cancer	29	6%
	Other Cancer	29	6%
	Colorectal Cancer	24	5%
	Head and Neck Cancers	11	2%
	Melanoma	11	2%
	Thyroid Cancer	9	2%
	Brain Tumor/Central Nervous System	8	2%
	Skin Cancer	6	1%
	Other Cancers^b	28	6%
Cancer status^c	I am currently experiencing cancer for the first time	64	12%
	I am currently experiencing cancer recurrence/relapse	86	17%
	I am in remission or have no current evidence of disease	318	61%
	I don’t know/Other	50	10%
	Missing	2	< 1%
Years since diagnosis	Range 0–56	M = 9.1	SD = 7.8
	2 years or less	103	20%
	3–5 years	94	18%
	6–9 years	124	24%
	10–19 years	156	30%
	20 or more years	43	8%
Stage at diagnosis	0 (microscopic)	22	4%
	I (Small and removed by surgery)	88	17%
	II (extension to lymph nodes)	88	17%
	III (locally advanced)	112	22%
	IV (metastatic/widespread)	82	16%
	Other/Not Applicable	102	20%
	Don’t know	26	5%
Current stage^c	Localized disease (has not spread)	48	9%
	Metastatic/Stage IV (has spread)	81	16%
	My cancer doesn’t have a stage/Not applicable	59	11%
	Don’t know	14	3%
Ever metastatic	No	384	74%
	Yes	124	24%
	Don’t know	12	2%
Treatment history	Current chemotherapy	60	12%
	Current radiation therapy	11	2%
	Current hormonal therapy	50	10%
	Current oral therapy	92	18%
	Current immunotherapy	46	9%
	Past chemotherapy	333	64%
	Past radiation therapy	259	50%
	Past hormonal therapy	91	18%
	Past oral therapy	75	14%
	Past immunotherapy	63	12%
	Past surgery	345	66%
General health	Range 0–5	M = 2.9	SD = 0.9
	Poor	21	4%
	Fair	157	30%
	Good	190	37%
	Very good	134	26%
	Excellent	18	4%

^aPercentages might not add up to 100% due to rounding or missing data
^bOther cancer diagnoses with < 1% prevalence included bladder, kidney, sarcoma, anal, gastrointestinal, pancreatic, among others
^cCurrent status is dichotomized for regression analyses: active/current cancer (n = 150); in remission/other (n = 368); Current stage question not seen by those who indicated they are in remission or have no current evidence of disease. Percentages still reported out of total sample size (N = 520)

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