Psychometric performance of the Chichewa versions of the EQ-5D-Y-3L and EQ-5D-Y-5L among healthy and sick children and adolescents in Malawi

Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes

Table 5 EQ-5D-Y-3L and EQ-5D-Y-5L discriminant validity by gender, school grade and age

Characteristic			Age 8–12 years
			df	Mean diff	t	p value	df	Mean diff	t	p value	df	Mean diff	t	p value
Gender	EQ-5D-Y-3L	LSS	76	− 0.27	− 0.627	0.532	170	− 0.36	− 1.799	0.074	248	− 0.33	− 1.646	0.101
		US	76	0.02	0.678	0.500	170	0.03	1.871	0.063	248	0.02	1.707	0.089
	EQ-5D-Y-5L	LSS	86	0.39	0.558	0.578	174	− 0.05	− 0.143	0.886	262	0.09	0.252	0.802
		US	86	− 0.02	− 0.300	0.765	174	0.00	0.017	0.986	262	− 0.00	− 0.181	0.856
School grade^#	EQ-5D-Y-3L	LSS	1	0.389	0.114	0.737	2	5.122	3.074	0.049	2	23.110	10.335	< 0.001
		US	1	0.000	0.013	0.911	2	0.030	3.848	0.023	2	0.123	11.450	< 0.001
	EQ-5D-Y-5L	LSS	1	1.539	0.146	0.703	2	28.585	4.741	0.010	2	56.435	7.491	< 0.001
		US	1	0.000	0.004	0.949	2	0.149	5.342	0.006	2	0.337	8.601	< 0.001

*LSS, level sum score; US, utility score
^#Grade group1 = grade 1–5; group2 = grade 6–8; group3 = grade 9–12; (age 8–12 years: grp1 = 53, grade grp 2 = 40; age 13–17 years: grp1 = 18, grade grp 2 = 57, grade grp3 = 111; age 8–17 years: grp1 = 71, grade grp 2 = 97, grade grp3 = 111). Bold indicates significance p < 0.05