Impact of COVID-19 and effects of BNT162b2 on patient-reported outcomes: quality of life, symptoms, and work productivity among US adult outpatients

Di Fusco, Manuela; Sun, Xiaowu; Moran, Mary M.; Coetzer, Henriette; Zamparo, Joann M.; Puzniak, Laura; Alvarez, Mary B.; Tabak, Ying P.; Cappelleri, Joseph C.

doi:10.1186/s41687-022-00528-w

Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes

Table 3 Summary of EQ-5D-5L and WPAI-GH Scores^a and their changes from baseline by assessment time

From: Impact of COVID-19 and effects of BNT162b2 on patient-reported outcomes: quality of life, symptoms, and work productivity among US adult outpatients

	BNT162b2 cohort						Unvaccinated cohort						Difference in change from baseline between cohorts
	Score		Change from baseline^b				Score		Change from baseline				Difference in change from baseline between cohorts
	n	Mean (SD)	n	Mean (SD)	P value^c	ES_w^d	n	Mean (SD)	n	Mean (SD)	P value^c	ES_w^d	Mean (SD)	P value^e	ES_b^f
EQ-5D-5L
Visual analogue scale (VAS)
Baseline^g	233	86.9 (10.7)					197	87.8 (11.0)						0.414 ^h
Day 3	233	73.9 (15.6)	233	− 13.0 (12.5)	< 0.001	− 1.04	194	71.8 (19.6)	194	− 16.1 (17.1)	< 0.001	− 0.94	3.1 (14.8)	0.033	0.21
Week 4	171	82.9 (13.8)	171	− 3.7 (10.7)	< 0.001	− 0.35	151	80.9 (15.7)	151	− 7.2 (13.7)	< 0.001	− 0.53	3.5 (12.2)	0.011	0.28
Utility Index (US weight)
Baseline^e	233	0.924 (0.117)					197	0.918 (0.117)						0.547 ^h
Day 3	233	0.820 (0.193)	233	− 0.105 (0.159)	< 0.001	− 0.66	197	0.762 (0.252)	197	− 0.155 (0.228)	< 0.001	− 0.68	0.050 (0.194)	0.007	0.26
Week 4	176	0.882 (0.145)	176	− 0.039 (0.120)	< 0.001	− 0.33	155	0.838 (0.197)	155	− 0.074 (0.156)	< 0.001	− 0.47	0.035 (0.138)	0.023	0.25
WPAI-GH
Absenteeism
Baseline^e	153	2.8 (11.8)					129	11.7 (26.4)						< 0.001 ^h
Week 1	153	44.9 (38.3)	147	42.5 (38.8)	< 0.001	1.09	129	66.7 (37.0)	127	55.5 (39.2)	< 0.001	1.42	− 13.0 (39.0)	0.006	− 0.33
Week 4	128	4.6 (17.2)	122	1.4 (20.1)	0.460	0.07	106	3.3 (12.2)	102	− 7.7 (28.1)	0.007	− 0.27	9.0 (24.1)	0.006	0.37
Presenteeism
Baseline^e	153	9.5 (18.5)					124	9.4 (20.4)						0.958 ^h
Week 1	123	41.7 (27.4)	119	33.0 (29.1)	< 0.001	1.13	82	47.8 (34.2)	81	38.2 (35.9)	< 0.001	1.06	− 5.1 (32.1)	0.268	− 0.16
Week 4	125	11.7 (18.8)	119	1.4 (24.5)	0.527	0.06	105	18.7 (23.4)	96	10.7 (24.1)	< 0.001	0.45	− 9.3 (24.3)	0.006	− 0.38
Work productivity loss
Baseline^e	152	10.5 (20.0)					123	14.2 (24.7)						0.175 ^h
Week 1	123	56.6 (31.5)	118	46.7 (34.5)	< 0.001	1.35	82	66.9 (32.4)	80	53.2 (35.3)	< 0.001	1.51	− 6.4 (34.9)	0.203	− 0.18
Week 4	125	12.9 (20.7)	118	1.4 (27.5)	0.589	0.05	105	19.8 (24.6)	96	7.7 (30.6)	0.016	0.25	− 6.3 (29.0)	0.113	− 0.22
Activity impairment
Baseline^e	203	12.5 (22.2)					176	17.2 (27.2)						0.065 ^h
Week 1	202	48.6 (29.8)	202	36.1 (31.9)	< 0.001	1.13	176	54.2 (32.7)	176	37.0 (37.5)	< 0.001	0.99	− 0.9 (34.6)	0.801	− 0.03
Week 4	175	15.5 (21.7)	175	2.3 (26.3)	0.242	0.09	155	25.9 (28.5)	155	8.8 (33.8)	0.002	0.26	− 6.4 (30.1)	0.053	− 0.21

^aScore ranges: EQ-5D-5L VAS 0 to 100, EQ-5D-5L UI (the United States weights) − 0.573 to 1; WPAI-GH (absenteeism, presenteeism, work productivity loss, and activity impairment) 0 to 100 percent
^bBaseline refers to pre-COVID-19 symptom onset
^cP value of t-test comparing mean score changes from baseline and 0 within BNT162b2 or Unvaccinated cohorts
^dES_w refers to effect size for score changes from baseline within BNT162b2 or Unvaccinated cohorts
^eP value of t-test comparing mean score changes from baseline between BNT162b2 and Unvaccinated cohorts
^fES_b refers to effect size for score changes from baseline between BNT162b2 and Unvaccinated cohorts
^gPrior to symptom onset (pre-COVID)
^hP values of t-tests comparing pre-COVID-19 baseline mean scores between BNT162b2 and Unvaccinated cohorts

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