Skip to main content

Table 1 Clinical Trials Articles Found After Initial Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria Applied

From: Listening to the elephant in the room: response-shift effects in clinical trials research

References

Secondary analysis?

Retained or excluded (reason for exclusion)

Methodological or clinical focus?

Drug/medical/surgery or Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing Intervention?

Sample overlap with another paper?

Power adequate if retained?

Response shift made treatment look better? Worse? Neither?

Schwartz and Sendor [26]

Yes

Excluded (focused on non-randomized sample)

Clinical

Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing

No

NA

NA

Bernhard et al. [27]

Yes

Excluded (used then-test exclusively)

Clinical

Drug/medical/surgery

Yes, references [27, 28, 31]

NA

NA

Bernhard et al. [28]

Yes

Excluded (used then-test exclusively)

Clinical

Drug/medical/surgery

Yes, references [27, 28, 31]

NA

NA

Schwartz et al. [46]

No

Retained

Clinical

Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing

No

Yes

Better

Bernhard et al. [31]

Yes

Excluded (used then-test exclusively)

Clinical

Drug/medical/surgery

Yes, references [27, 28, 31]

NA

NA

Ahmed et al. [29]

No

Excluded (used then-test exclusively)

Methodological

Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing

Yes, references [19, 29, 47]

NA

NA

Ring et al. [30]

Yes

Excluded (used then-test exclusively)

Clinical

Drug/medical/surgery

No

NA

NA

Ahmed et al. [47]

No

Retained

Methodological

Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing

Yes, references [19, 29, 47]

No

Neither

Ahmed et al. [50]

No

Retained

Methodological

Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing

Yes, references [19, 29, 47]

Yes

Neither

Mayo et al. [34]

Yes

Retained

Methodological

Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing

Yes, references [32, 34]

Yes

Neither

Ahmed et al. [35]

Yes

Retained

Methodological

Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing

No

No

Worse

Robertson et al. [36]

Yes

Retained

Methodological

Drug/medical/surgery

No

No

NA

Mayo and Scott [32]

Yes

Excluded (not clear example of response shift)

Clinical

Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing

Yes, references

[32, 34]

NA

NA

Gandhi et al. [37]

Yes

Retained

Methodological

Drug/medical/surgery

No

Yes

Better

Nirenberg et al. [38]

Yes

Retained

Methodological

Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing

No

Yes

Better

Sajobi et al. [39]

Yes

Retained

Clinical

Drug/medical/surgery

No

No

Better

Mollerup and Johansen [33]

Yes

Excluded (not clear example of response shift)

Methodological

Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing

No

NA

NA

Machuca et al. [48]

No

Retained

Methodological

Drug/medical/surgery

No

No

Neither

Hoerger et al. [49]

No

Retained

Clinical

Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing

No

Yes

Better

Murata et al. [40]

Yes

Retained

Methodological

Drug/medical/surgery

No

No

Neither

Sanders et al. [41]

Yes

Retained

Methodological

Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing

No

Yes

NA

Schwartz et al. [43]

Yes

Retained

Clinical

Drug/medical/surgery

Yes, references [11, 43]

Yes

Better

Schwartz et al. [11]

Yes

Retained

Clinical

Drug/medical/surgery

Yes, references [11, 43]

Yes

Better

Verdam et al. [45]

Yes

Retained

Clinical

Psychosocial/Behavioral/Nursing

No

No

Neither

Schwartz et al. [44]

Yes

Retained

Clinical

Drug/medical/surgery

No

Yes

Better