Table 1 Validated PROs to assess any aspect of patient life engagement in mental health (adults)

Life engagement

Engaged Living Scale (ELS) [22]

1

Life Engagement Test (LET) [23]

1

Work/occupation engagement/vigor

Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) [24]

7

     Short version (UWES-9) [25]

Profiles of Occupational Engagement in Severe mental illness—Productive occupations (POES-P) [26]

3

Shirom–Melamed Vigor Measure (SMVM) [27]

1

Motivation/reward/energy–apathy

Behavioral Activation System (BAS) scale [28]

28

Apathy Evaluation Scale Self-report (AES-S) [29]

14

     Short version [30, 31]

Motivation and Pleasure Scale—Self-Report (MAP-SR) [32]

7

Sensitivity to Reward (SR) scale [33]

4

Rewarding Events Inventory (REI) [34]

3

Motivation and Energy Inventory (MEI) [35]

1

Environmental Reward Observation Scale (EROS) [36]

1

Motivational Trait Questionnaire (MTQ) [37]

1

Reward Responsiveness (RR) [38]

1

Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale (WEIMS) [39]

1

MacCarthy Task Motivation Scale (MCTMS) [40]

1

Pleasure–anhedonia

Revised Chapman Physical and Social Anhedonia Scales (PAS/SAS) [41,42,43]

36

Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) [44]

33

Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS) [45]

29

Fawcett–Clarke Pleasure Capacity Scale (FCPCS) [46]

6

Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale (ACIPS) [47]

5

Hedonic Deficit & Interference Scale (HDIS) [48]

2

Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS) [49]

2

Domains of Pleasure Scale (DOPS) [50]

1

Specific Loss of Interest and Pleasure Scale (SLIPS) [51]

1

Attention/alertness

Attentional Control Scale (ACS) [52]

14

Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) [53]

3

Everyday Life Attention Scale (ELAS) [54]

2

Emotional Attentional Control Scale (eACS) (adaptation of ACS) [55]

1

Toronto Hospital Alertness Test (THAT) [56]

1

Connectedness/social well-being

Keyes Social Well-Being (SWB) scale [57]

3

Social Connectedness Scale—Revised (SCS-R) [58]

2

Autonomy–Connectedness Scale, 30-item version (ACS-30) [59]

1

Mental/psychological well-being

Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS) [60]

16

     Short version (SWEMWBS) [61]

WHO (Five) Well-Being Questionnaire (WHO-5) [62]

14

Ryff’s scales of Psychological Well-Being (PWB) [63]

12

Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) [64, 65]

3

Flourishing Scale (FS) [66]

3

Comprehensive Inventory of Thriving (CIT) [67]

1

Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI) [68]

1

Inventory of General Life Functioning (GLF) (adaptation of PGWBI) [69]

1

Life satisfaction/meaning

Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) [70]

16

Personal Well-being Index (PWI) [71, 72]

3

Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) [73]

2

Calmness–arousal

Stress Arousal Checklist (SACL) [74]

1

Rumination

Ruminative Response Scale (RRS) [75]

20

     Revised version [76]

Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire (RTSQ) [77]

4

Leuven Adaptation of the Rumination on Sadness Scale (LARSS) [78]

1

Mini Cambridge–Exeter Repetitive Thought Scale (Mini-CERTS) [79]

1