Recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection worsens anxiety-related patient-reported quality of life

Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes

Table 3 Univariable and multivariable analyses of changes in health-related quality of life (HrQOL)

Variable	Univariable analysis		Multivariable analysis
Variable	Relative change in HrQOL score (mean ± SD)	P value	Relative change in HrQOL score (mean ± SD)	P value
Patient demographics
Female	− 3.3 ± 1.5	0.52
Charlson index (per 1-unit increase)	1.1 ± 0.97	0.26
CDI risk factor present at baseline
≥ 65 years	4.6 ± 5.3	0.38
≥ 1 CDI episode in previous 6 months	− 1.2 ± 6.5	0.85
Immunocompromised condition^a	4.2 ± 5.0	0.40
Gastric acid suppressant use^b	− 1.2 ± 5.2	0.81
Current episode with severe presentation^c	8.7 ± 5.8	0.13
Inflammatory bowel disease	− 7.2 ± 8.8	0.41
Chronic renal disease	− 19.7 ± 8.7	0.025*	− 19.5 ± 8.2	0.019
Prior failed FMT	4.4 ± 7.5	0.56
Recurrence of CDI post bezlotoxumab	− 27.4 ± 6.2	< 0.0001*	− 27.3 ± 6.2	< 0.0001

Results of regression analysis presented as relative mean ± standard deviation given the unit of analysis for HrQOL scores were average changes from baseline. Variables with a P value < 0.05 obtained in the univariable analysis were included in the multivariable analysis
^aDue to immunosuppressive medication or underlying disease (immune deficiency, solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplant, absolute neutrophil cell count < 500 cells/µL)
^bProton pump inhibitor and histamine-2 receptor antagonist
^cDefined by any of the following: albumin ≤ 3.0 g/dL, serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 times above baseline, hypotension or shock, intensive care unit stay related to CDI, ileus, serum lactate > 5 mmol/L, toxic megacolon or colectomy related to CDI, white blood cell count ≥ 15,000 cells/µL