Patient and physician preferences for non-invasive diagnostic cardiovascular imaging technologies: a discrete choice experiment

Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes

Table 2 Comparison of Test alternatives for market simulations

imaging test	Type of procedure	Test duration (minutes)	Patient out-of-pocket cost	Type of scanner	Risks and side effects	Diagnostic accuracy (%)
Stress perfusion CMR	Pharmacological agents	60	$1500	Complete body scanner	Moderate to severe	90
Exercise echo	Exercising	30	$500	No scanner	Moderate to severe	80
Pharmacological stress echo	Pharmacological agents	30	$500	No scanner	Moderate to severe	80
CTA	N/A	30	$500	Partial body scanner	Ionizing radiation	80
SPECT	Pharmacological agents	60	$1000	Partial body scanner	Moderate to severe; ionizing radiation	70
PET	Pharmacological agents	60	$2000	Partial body scanner	Moderate to severe; ionizing radiation	90
b-CMR	Breathing maneuvers	30	$1000	Complete body scanner	Mild	80

N/A; Not applicable, $; US dollars, Mild; Tingling in the fingers, dizziness and dry mouth, Moderate to severe; Chest pain, irregular heartbeat, flushing, breathing difficulties, and a 0.1% chance of serious complications, Ionizing radiation; Exposure to radiation and a 0.1% possible increase in cancer risk
CMR cardiovascular magnetic resonance, CT computed tomography, SPECT single photon emission computed tomography, PET positron emission tomography, b-CMR breathing maneuver-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance