Only two subscales of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire are culturally relevant for people with chronic low back pain in Nigerian Igbo populations: a cross-cultural adaptation and validation study

Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes

Table 3 Spearman’s correlation between Igbo-CSQ subscales, and self-reported back pain specific disability (Igbo-RMDQ), self-reported generic disability (Igbo-WHODAS), self-reported numeric pain intensity (BS-11), self-reported fear avoidance beliefs (Igbo-FABQ), and self-reported illness perceptions (Igbo-BIPQ)

	Igbo-CSQ (Diverting attention)	Igbo-CSQ (reinterpreting pain sensation)	Igbo-CSQ (catastrophising)	Igbo-CSQ (ignoring sensations)	Igbo-CSQ (praying or hoping)	Igbo-CSQ (coping self-statements)	Igbo-CSQ (increased behavioural activities)	Igbo-CSQ (control)	Igbo-CSQ (decrease pain)
Igbo-RMDQ	0.554**	0.302**	0.614**	0.272**	0.410**	0.333**	0.441**	− 0.027	− 0.030
Igbo-WHODAS (total)	0.391**	0.459**	0.589**	0.371**	0.265**	0.237**	0.324**	0.169*	0.126
BS-11	0.263**	0.255**	0.469**	0.171*	0.292**	0.281**	0.217**	− 0.108	− 0.037
Igbo-FABQ total	0.643**	0.552**	0.492**	0.448**	0.475**	0.451**	0.565**	0.193**	0.208**
Igbo-BIPQ (total)	0.323**	0.193**	0.287**	0.004	0.255**	0.312**	0.309**	− 0.343**	− 0.007