Skip to main content

Table 5 Weighted mean (SD) RAND-36 scale scores by educational level and occupational group

From: The Swedish RAND-36: psychometric characteristics and reference data from the Mid-Swed Health Survey

 

Physical functioning (PF)

Role functioning/physical (RP)

Pain (P)

General health (GH)

Energy/fatigue (EF)

Social functioning (SF)

Role functioning/ emotional (RE)

Emotional well-being (EW)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Educationa

 Mandatory

68.4 (35.1)A

59.3 (52.2)A

66.2 (34.2)A

59.4 (26.6)A

60.1 (29.0)A

78.5 (31.9)A

70.7 (47.4)A

75.8 (25.3)A

 High school

84.4 (22.0)B

76.7 (34.9)B

73.7 (24.8)A

68.8 (20.3)B

60.9 (21.2)B

83.2 (22.1)B

78.4 (33.7)B

76.1 (18.0)A

 University

89.7 (17.4)C

81.1 (32.5)C

80.1 (21.7)B

71.2 (19.6)B

61.7 (20.2)B

84.2 (21.0)B

77.2 (34.7)AB

76.3 (16.4)A

F-value

28.88

10.50

23.09

19.36

5.05

4.91

3.82

1.52

P-valueb

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.007

0.007

0.022

0.219

Occupationc

 Employed

90.8 (16.1)A

83.2 (31.3)A

78.4 (22.9)A

71.9 (19.4)A

61.7 (20.7)A

85.8 (20.3)A

81.5 (32.8)A

77.9 (16.3)A

 Unemployed

79.1 (26.4)B

72.8 (36.0)B

73.2 (28.1)A

63.3 (20.0)B

55.6 (23.6)A

76.3 (26.3)B

63.3 (40.9)B

66.5 (20.3)B

 On sick leave

56.3 (30.2)C

24.3 (39.8)C

42.0 (30.9)B

38.1 (24.3)C

34.1 (22.7)B

48.8 (29.4)C

36.9 (42.1)C

51.1 (21.8)C

F-value

70.30

95.90

64.13

87.33

64.11

76.99

56.13

75.83

P-valueb

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

  1. aLevel of education: Mandatory (9 years or less); High school (10–12 years); University (> 12 years)
  2. bComparisons of means adjusted for age (F-test)
  3. Pairwise comparisons; age-adjusted mean values that share the same capital letter (A, B, and C) do not differ significantly, while categories with different letters have significantly different mean values (Šidák’s test, p < 0.05)
  4. cOccupation categories: Employees and self-employed; Unemployed (job seeker and participants in labor market programs); On sick leave (activity or sickness compensation, long term sickness)