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Table 4 Observational study known-groups validity hypotheses for HPES-Symptom

From: Psychometric validation of the Hypoparathyroidism Patient Experience Scales (HPES)

HPES-symptom domain

Supporting measure

Known-groups validity hypothesis

Statistical evidence

Was the hypothesis met?

Subgroup

n

LS Means (SE)

ANOVA P Value

Total

PGIS-Overall

Patients with higher levels of severity on PGIS-Overall will have a higher mean score than patients with less severity

1 = No noticeable symptoms/Very mild

18

14.7 (3.54)

Overall < 0.0001

1 vs. 2 0.0035

1 vs. 3 < 0.0001

1 vs. 4 < 0.0001

2 vs. 3 < 0.0001

2 vs. 4 < 0.0001

3 vs. 4 < 0.0001

Yes

2 = Mild

92

28.1 (1.57)

3 = Moderate

160

38.8 (1.19)

4 = Severe/Very severe

30

57.1 (2.74)

Total

SF-36 general health

Patients who report better scores on the SF-36 general health item will have a lower mean score than patients who report worse SF-36 general health scores

1 = Excellent/Very good

62

23.2 (1.96)

Overall < 0.0001

1 vs. 2 < 0.0001

1 vs. 3 < 0.0001

1 vs. 4 < 0.0001

2 vs. 3 < 0.0001

2 vs. 4 < 0.0001

3 vs. 4 0.1606

Yes

2 = Good

156

34.2 (1.24)

3 = Fair

72

47.2 (1.82)

4 = Poor

10

58.6 (4.88)

Total

SDS Days Lost (for RU employment = Yes)

Employed patients with fewer days lost from work (SDS) will have a lower mean score than patients with a greater number of days lost

1 = 25th percentiles or less

84

34.0 (1.70)

0.2534

No

2 = 75th percentiles or more

72

31.1 (1.84)

Total

SDS Unproductive Days (for RU employment = Yes)

Employed patients with fewer unproductive days (SDS) will have a lower mean score than patients with a greater number of unproductive days

1 = 25th percentiles or less

120

27.7 (1.43)

 < 0.0001

Yes (Not planned within the psychometric analysis plan)

2 = 75th percentiles or more

77

42.8 (1.79)

Total

SII Overall

Patients who report greater QOL interference due to their HP overall symptoms will have a higher mean score than patients who report less QOL interference

1 = Not at all/A little

71

21.8 (1.54)

Overall < 0.0001

1 vs. 2 < 0.0001

1 vs. 3 < 0.0001

1 vs. 4 < 0.0001

2 vs. 3 < 0.0001

2 vs. 4 < 0.0001

3 vs. 4 0.1130

Yes

2 = Some

160

33.3 (1.03)

3 = A lot

42

53.4 (2.01)

4 = Extremely

27

60.9 (2.51)

Total

Calcium levels (Question 14)

Patients with lower than normal calcium levels will have higher mean score than patients with normal calcium levels

1 = Much lower than normal

8

58.0 (6.20)

Overall 0.0037

1 vs. 2 0.0016

1 vs. 3 0.0055

1 vs. 4 0.1925

2 vs. 3 0.9655

2 vs. 4 0.9999

3 vs. 4 1.0000

Yes

2 = Slightly lower than normal

193

34.7 (1.26)

3 = Normal

94

36.4 (1.81)

4 = Higher than normal

5

36.9 (7.84)

Physical

PGIS-Physical

Patients with higher levels of severity on PGIS-Physical will have a higher mean score than patients with less severity

1 = No noticeable symptoms/Very mild

20

20.0 (3.63)

Overall < 0.0001

1 vs. 2 0.4848

1 vs. 3 < 0.0001

1 vs. 4 < 0.0001

2 vs. 3 < 0.0001

2 vs. 4 < 0.0001

3 vs. 4 < 0.0001

Yes

2 = Mild

99

26.5 (1.63)

3 = Moderate

140

38.6 (1.37)

4 = Severe/Very severe

41

52.9 (2.53)

Physical

SII Physical

Patients who have greater QOL interference due to their HP physical symptoms will have a higher mean score than patients with less QOL interference

1 = Not at all/A little

144

25.5 (1.12)

Overall < 0.0001

1 vs. 2 0.0002

1 vs. 3 < 0.0001

1 vs. 4 < 0.0001

2 vs. 3 < 0.0001

2 vs. 4 < 0.0001

3 vs. 4 0.0135

Yes

2 = Some

85

33.2 (1.45)

3 = A lot

42

53.6 (2.07)

4 = Extremely

29

63.6 (2.49)

Physical

Calcium levels (Question 14)

Patients with lower than normal calcium levels will have a higher mean score than patients with normal calcium levels (based on Question 14)

1 = Much lower than normal

8

58.6 (6.48)

Overall 0.0026

1 vs. 2 0.0013

1 vs. 3 0.0061

1 vs. 4 0.3043

2 vs. 3 0.8846

2 vs. 4 0.9920

3 vs. 4 0.9998

Yes

2 = Slightly lower than normal

193

33.8 (1.32)

3 = Normal

94

36.2 (1.89)

4 = Higher than normal

5

38.7 (8.20)

Cognitive

PGIS Cognitive

Patients with higher levels of severity on PGIS Cognitive will have a higher mean score than patients with less severity

1 = No noticeable symptoms/Very mild

33

19.1 (3.35)

Overall < 0.0001

1 vs. 2 0.0277

1 vs. 3 < 0.0001

1 vs. 4 < 0.0001

2 vs. 3 < 0.0001

2 vs. 4 < 0.0001

3 vs. 4 0.0823

Yes

2 = Mild

113

30.0 (1.81)

3 = Moderate

107

42.4 (1.86)

4 = Severe/Very severe

47

50.7 (2.81)

Cognitive

SII Cognitive

Patients who report greater impact on QOL interference due to their HP cognitive symptoms will have a higher mean score than patients with less QOL interference

1 = Not at all/A little

117

27.1 (1.61)

Overall < 0.0001

1 vs. 2 0.0108

1 vs. 3 < 0.0001

1 vs. 4 < 0.0001

2 vs. 3 < 0.0001

2 vs. 4 < 0.0001

3 vs. 4 0.3188

Yes

2 = Some

128

34.1 (1.54)

3 = A lot

43

59.8 (2.65)

4 = Extremely

12

70.4 (5.03)

  1. ANOVA analysis of variance, HP hypoparathyroidism, HPES Hypoparathyroidism Patient Experience Scale, PGIS patient global impression of severity, QOL quality of life, RU resource utilization, SDS Sheehan Disability Scale, SE standard error, SF 36v2 36-item Short Form Health Survey, Version 2, SII Symptom Impact Items