Development and content validation of the Pediatric Oral Medicines Acceptability Questionnaires (P-OMAQ): patient-reported and caregiver-reported outcome measures

Turner-Bowker, Diane M.; An Haack, Kristina; Krohe, Meaghan; Yaworsky, Andrew; Vivas, Norma; Kelly, Masami; Chatterjee, Godhuli; Chaston, Emily; Mann, Erin; Reaney, Matthew

doi:10.1186/s41687-020-00246-1

Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes

Table 2 Patient and caregiver demographic information and patient health information

From: Development and content validation of the Pediatric Oral Medicines Acceptability Questionnaires (P-OMAQ): patient-reported and caregiver-reported outcome measures

	Patients (N = 48)	Caregivers (N = 48)
Age, years
Mean (SD)	9.2 (4.1)	41.6 (8.9)
Range	1.1–17.7	29.1–75.0
Sex, n (%)
Female	23 (47.9)	45 (93.8)
Male	25 (52.1)	3 (6.3)
Race, n (%)
Asian	1 (2.1)	2 (4.2)
Black or African American	9 (18.8)	9 (18.8)
White/Caucasian	33 (68.8)	33 (68.8)
Other	5 (10.4)	4 (8.3)
Spanish/Hispanic/Latino, n (%)
Non-Spanish/Hispanic/Latino	42 (87.5)	43 (89.6)
Mexican/Mexican American/Chicano	1 (2.1)	1 (2.1)
Puerto Rican	3 (6.3)	3 (6.3)
Other	2 (4.2)	1 (2.1)
Oral formulation type, n (%)
Pill (tablet or mini-tablet)	16 (33.3)	n/a
Liquid (oral spray or oral syringe)	16 (33.3)	n/a
Powder or granule that is mixed with liquid before taking	16 (33.3)	n/a
Health status ^a, n (%)
Excellent	28 (58.3%)	n/a
Very good	14 (29.2%)	n/a
Good	3 (6.3%)	n/a
Fair	3 (6.3%)	n/a
Poor	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Current health conditions, n (%) ^{b, c}
Allergies	9 (12.5%)	n/a
Anemia	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Arthritis	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Asthma	8 (11.1%)	n/a
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)	6 (8.3%)	n/a
Attention deficit disorder (ADD)	4 (5.6%)	n/a
Autism	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Cerebral palsy	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Crohn’s disease	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Cystic fibrosis	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Diabetes	1 (1.4%)	n/a
Down syndrome	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Developmental delays	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Ear infections	8 (11.1%)	n/a
Headaches	4 (5.6%)	n/a
Hearing loss	1 (1.4%)	n/a
Heart disease	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Irritable bowel syndrome	2 (2.8%)	n/a
Intellectual disability (also known as mental retardation)	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Muscular dystrophy	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Seizures	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Sickle cell anemia	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Ulcerative colitis	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Vision loss	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Other (specified)	0 (0.0%)	n/a
Anxiety	1 (1.4%)	n/a
Constipation	7 (9.7%)	n/a
Eczema	1 (1.4%)	n/a
Eosinophilic esophagitis	1 (1.4%)	n/a
Fever/cold	4 (5.6%)	n/a
Gastritis	1 (1.4%)	n/a
Migraines	1 (1.4%)	n/a
Mitral regurgitation	1 (1.4%)	n/a
Pharyngitis	1 (1.4%)	n/a
Stomach disorder	1 (1.4%)	n/a
None	10 (13.9%)	n/a

n/a not applicable, SD standard deviation
^aSelf-reported by n = 22 participants aged 12–17 years; proxy-reported by n = 26 caregivers of participants aged 6 months to 11 years
^bBased on responses to the question, “What health conditions do you currently have, if any? (Please choose all that apply)”
^cEach participant could select more than one response to this question, so the total number of conditions reported will not equal the number of participants in the study

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