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Table 2 Distribution of responses and parameters of test-retest reliability and adolescent-parent agreement

From: First stage psychometric testing of a new instrument for adolescents with visual impairment: the Participation and Activity Inventory for Children and Youth (PAI-CY) 13–17 years

Domain1 and item content

 

Missing (%)

Distribution of responses over response categories2 (%)

Test-retest reliability parameters

Adolescent-parent agreement

 

1

2

3

4

Agreement (%)

Weighted kappa

Agreement (%)

Weighted kappa

LT1: Doing sports

Adolescent

13.0

62.7

37.3

0.0

0.0

74.6

0.53

66.1

0.38

Parent

7.8

38.0

52.1

9.9

0.0

64.1

0.62

  

LT2: Keeping up with others during play/sports

Adolescent

3.9

68.9

27.0

4.1

0.0

66.7

0.47

42.0

0.19

Parent

7.8

28.2

47.9

16.9

7.0

64.1

0.72

  

LT3: Using social media

Adolescent

3.9

90.5

8.1

1.4

0.0

85.7

0.09

79.4

0.34

Parent

7.8

76.1

21.1

2.8

0.0

87.1

0.61

  

LT4: Playing games on computer, tablet, phone

Adolescent

15.6

83.1

16.9

0.0

0.0

80.6

0.22

74.2

0.23

Parent

7.8

70.4

26.8

2.8

0.0

81.3

0.70

  

LT5: Watching films/television

Adolescent

1.3

64.5

32.9

2.6

0.0

77.5

0.57

57.7

0.17

Parent

6.5

48.6

44.4

6.9

0.0

75.4

0.65

  

LT6: Going to a club independentlyb,c

Adolescent

46.8

90.2

4.9

0.0

4.9

83.9

0.69

68.3

0.57

Parent

13.0

44.8

19.4

17.9

17.9

66.7

0.87

  

LT7: Participating at a club

Adolescent

27.3

91.1

8.9

0.0

0.0

91.5

−0.03

54.0

0.13

Parent

14.3

51.5

28.8

19.7

0.0

65.5

0.70

  

LT8: Making music

Adolescent

51.9

70.3

27.0

2.7

0.0

75.0

0.49

61.8

0.36

Parent

29.9

59.3

33.3

5.6

1.9

85.0

0.84

  

LT9: Performing a hobby

Adolescent

33.8

76.5

21.6

2.0

0.0

79.5

0.43

64.5

0.18

Parent

46.8

61.0

31.7

7.3

0.0

85.7

0.83

  

MO1: Cyclingd,e

Adolescent

9.1

54.0

27.1

7.1

11.4

75.8

0.78

69.2

0.74

Parent

7.8

46.5

26.8

9.9

16.9

81.3

0.90

  

MO2: Cycling to something independentlyb,d,f

Adolescent

13.0

70.1

13.4

3.0

13.4

79.0

0.90

75.4

0.70

Parent

9.1

51.4

15.7

7.1

25.7

79.0

0.90

  

MO3: Going to a friend in the neighborhoodc,e,f

Adolescent

13.0

80.6

11.9

3.0

4.5

90.3

0.87

71.0

0.57

Parent

7.8

54.9

21.1

15.5

8.5

74.6

0.83

  

MO4: Participating in traffic independently

Adolescent

6.5

63.9

26.4

5.6

4.2

75.0

0.64

44.8

0.40

Parent

6.5

34.7

38.9

13.9

12.5

72.3

0.85

  

MO5: Estimating speeds

Adolescent

2.6

37.3

40.0

21.3

1.3

69.0

0.70

47.1

0.30

Parent

7.8

15.5

45.1

29.6

9.9

75.0

0.70

  

MO6: Using public transport independently

Adolescent

31.2

69.8

15.1

11.3

3.8

81.6

0.61

50.0

0.53

Parent

19.5

33.9

37.1

17.7

11.3

63.3

0.82

  

MO7: Learning new routes

Adolescent

3.9

68.9

24.3

5.4

1.4

68.1

0.34

47.1

0.12

Parent

7.8

46.5

32.4

19.7

1.4

78.1

0.83

  

SC1: Making contact with others

Adolescent

0.0

83.1

13.0

2.6

1.3

86.3

0.46

66.7

0.35

Parent

6.5

61.1

30.6

8.3

0.0

72.3

0.64

  

SC2: Doing activities with peers without VIg

Adolescent

3.9

71.6

21.6

6.8

0.0

80.9

0.70

64.7

0.37

Parent

7.8

54.9

29.6

15.5

0.0

74.2

0.68

  

SC3: Participating in group activities

Adolescent

0.0

67.5

22.1

9.1

1.3

80.3

0.55

44.9

0.16

Parent

10.4

34.8

39.1

23.2

2.9

64.4

0.71

  

SC4: Shopping with friendsa

Adolescent

44.2

93.0

2.3

2.3

2.3

87.9

−0.05

73.0

0.46

Parent

18.2

58.7

22.2

14.3

4.8

76.4

0.85

  

SC5: Going a night out with friends

Adolescent

50.6

60.5

28.9

5.3

5.3

86.2

0.76

66.7

0.52

Parent

28.6

36.4

34.5

18.2

10.9

69.0

0.84

  

SC6: Datingg

Adolescent

74.0

90.0

5.0

0.0

5.0

100.0

n/a

78.6

0.00

Parent

51.9

51.4

27.0

21.6

0.0

74.1

0.80

  

SC7: Dealing with amorousness

Adolescent

58.4

96.9

3.1

0.0

0.0

100.0

n/a

83.3

0.00

Parent

44.2

69.8

18.6

11.6

0.0

83.3

0.58

  

CO1: Being able to express in words properly

Adolescent

0.0

80.5

16.9

2.6

0.0

87.7

0.69

84.7

0.61

Parent

6.5

83.3

15.3

1.4

0.0

80.0

0.51

  

CO2: Asking questions

Adolescent

2.6

80.0

16.0

4.0

0.0

77.8

0.37

70.4

0.34

Parent

6.5

65.3

30.6

4.2

0.0

73.8

0.57

  

CO3: Talking about feelings

Adolescent

14.3

60.6

28.8

10.6

0.0

67.7

0.45

47.6

0.25

Parent

6.5

44.4

38.9

16.7

0.0

64.6

0.64

  

CO4: Participating in a conversation actively

Adolescent

1.3

90.8

7.9

1.3

0.0

90.3

0.54

76.1

0.14

Parent

6.5

79.2

18.1

2.8

0.0

84.6

0.62

  

CO5: Asking help from familiar people

Adolescent

2.6

82.7

17.3

0.0

0.0

85.9

0.47

64.8

0.15

Parent

6.5

68.1

25.0

6.9

0.0

70.8

0.37

  

CO6: Asking help from unfamiliar people

Adolescent

7.8

52.1

35.2

11.3

1.4

73.1

0.46

47.8

0.25

Parent

7.8

39.4

38.0

21.1

1.4

72.6

0.68

  

CO7: Estimating emotions of others

Adolescent

1.3

56.6

34.2

7.9

1.3

74.0

0.70

63.8

0.37

Parent

6.5

47.2

37.5

12.5

2.8

64.6

0.66

  

CO8: Estimating the distance to others

Adolescent

2.6

73.3

18.7

6.7

1.3

70.0

0.58

52.9

0.09

Parent

9.1

52.9

40.0

7.1

0.0

66.7

0.55

  

CO9: Stating that you want to join in a group

Adolescent

5.2

78.1

19.2

2.7

0.0

91.0

0.73

55.9

0.36

Parent

9.1

48.6

41.4

10.0

0.0

63.5

0.56

  

CO10: Giving your opinion

Adolescent

1.3

85.5

9.2

5.3

0.0

87.5

0.60

73.2

0.09

Parent

6.5

77.8

19.4

2.8

0.0

76.9

0.45

  

CO11: Dealing with bullying

Adolescent

51.9

48.6

27.0

21.6

2.7

52.4

0.60

48.3

0.41

Parent

28.6

34.5

43.6

21.8

0.0

59.1

0.62

  

SL1: Finding the way in school

Adolescent

0.0

90.9

5.2

2.6

1.3

94.4

0.65

76.4

0.20

Parent

6.5

80.6

18.1

1.4

0.0

85.9

0.57

  

SL2: Keeping overview in class

Adolescent

1.3

81.6

14.5

2.6

1.3

87.1

0.66

50.7

0.25

Parent

6.5

48.6

45.8

5.6

0.0

78.5

0.68

  

SL3: Keeping up with classmates

Adolescent

1.3

73.7

21.1

5.3

0.0

86.1

0.66

62.8

0.26

Parent

7.8

49.3

35.2

15.5

0.0

65.1

0.64

  

SL4: Cooperating with others

Adolescent

1.3

77.6

15.8

6.6

0.0

88.4

0.83

67.6

0.37

Parent

6.5

63.9

30.6

5.6

0.0

75.0

0.68

  

SL5: Reading the slide board or schoolboard

Adolescent

6.5

50.0

26.4

15.3

8.3

65.7

0.67

41.5

0.32

Parent

10.4

18.8

52.2

15.9

13.0

59.6

0.65

  

SL6: Making homework independently

Adolescent

7.8

77.5

18.3

4.2

0.0

89.2

0.79

68.2

0.34

Parent

6.5

63.9

30.6

2.8

2.8

76.6

0.71

  

SL7: Finding information

Adolescent

2.6

74.7

20

4.0

1.3

82.1

0.44

65.2

0.14

Parent

7.8

63.4

35.2

1.4

0.0

66.7

0.44

  

SL8: Maintaining energy levels for fun activities

Adolescent

1.3

48.7

38.2

11.8

1.3

74.6

0.65

63.4

0.57

Parent

6.5

37.5

38.9

23.6

0.0

70.8

0.75

  

SL9: Choosing appropriate further education

Adolescent

54.5

71.4

11.4

14.3

2.9

73.1

0.83

54.8

0.35

Parent

27.3

39.3

25.0

33.9

1.8

65.9

0.73

  

SR1: Cooking independently

Adolescent

32.5

78.8

13.5

5.8

1.9

79.1

0.47

55.6

0.23

Parent

24.7

48.3

29.3

19.0

3.4

87.5

0.92

  

SR2: Doing the dishes

Adolescent

16.9

90.6

7.8

1.6

0.0

93.1

0.58

67.2

0.23

Parent

7.8

64.8

29.6

5.6

0.0

83.1

0.75

  

SR3: Operating devices at home

Adolescent

1.3

89.5

10.5

0.0

0.0

90.3

0.19

75.7

0.10

Parent

7.8

73.2

21.1

5.6

0.0

79.7

0.67

  

SR4: Shopping for groceries

Adolescent

15.6

76.9

10.8

7.7

4.6

79.7

0.63

69.8

0.62

Parent

7.8

59.2

26.8

4.2

9.9

81.0

0.89

  

SR5: Picking clothes independently

Adolescent

15.6

84.6

10.8

3.1

1.5

89.5

0.49

70.7

0.38

Parent

9.1

60.0

30.0

8.6

1.4

77.4

0.78

  

SR6: Brushing your teeth independently

Adolescent

1.3

96.1

2.6

1.3

0.0

94.4

0.44

88.5

0.09

Parent

9.1

88.6

8.6

2.9

0.0

90.5

0.74

  

SR7: Going to the toileth

Adolescent

0.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

100.0

n/a

94.4

0.00

Parent

6.5

94.4

4.2

1.4

0.0

93.8

0.58

  

SR8: Bathing/showering independentlyh

Adolescent

0.0

97.4

2.6

0.0

0.0

100.0

1.00

95.8

0.38

Parent

6.5

93.1

5.6

1.4

0.0

93.8

0.65

  

SR9: Doing your hair

Adolescent

14.3

83.3

15.2

1.5

0.0

89.8

0.45

79.0

0.38

Parent

7.8

77.5

19.7

2.8

0.0

81.0

0.61

  

SR10: Dealing with the menstruation (girl)

Adolescent

11.1

91.7

4.2

4.2

0.0

95.8

0.88

83.3

0.67

Parent

11.1

75.0

20.8

4.2

0.0

88.9

0.74

  

AC1: Telling about your VI

Adolescent

2.6

68.0

24.0

6.7

1.3

77.5

0.64

62.8

0.31

Parent

6.5

56.9

27.8

15.3

0.0

70.8

0.63

  

AC2: Empathizing with others

Adolescent

1.3

80.3

15.8

2.6

1.3

80.6

0.44

57.7

0.20

Parent

6.5

58.3

30.6

9.7

1.4

60.0

0.59

  

AC3: Dealing with incapability

Adolescent

3.9

44.6

36.5

17.6

1.4

51.4

0.49

40.6

0.14

Parent

6.5

30.6

55.6

13.9

0.0

61.5

0.43

  

AC4: Dealing with making mistakes

Adolescent

3.9

56.8

24.3

17.6

1.4

78.9

0.78

55.7

0.38

Parent

6.5

37.5

41.7

20.8

0.0

70.8

0.70

  

FI1: Paying independentlya

Adolescent

5.2

90.4

8.2

1.4

0.0

98.5

0.93

73.8

0.32

Parent

13.0

70.1

19.4

7.5

3.0

81.7

0.85

  
  1. VI visual impairment
  2. 1 LT: leisure time; MO: mobility; SC: social contacts; CO: communication; SL: school; SR: self-reliance; AC: acceptance/self-consciousness; FI: finances
  3. 2 1: not difficult; 2: slightly difficult; 3: very difficult; 4: impossible
  4. a item pair with inter-item correlation > 0.8 in the adolescent version
  5. b,c,d,e,f,g,h item pairs with inter-item correlation > 0.8 in the parent version