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Table 2 Healthcare utilization during an 18-month follow-up period among outpatients with epilepsy

From: Patient-initiated versus fixed-interval patient-reported outcome-based follow-up in outpatients with epilepsy: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial

Primary outcome

Intention-to-treat population

Per-protocol population

Intervention arm (open access telePRO):

N = 343

Control arm (standard telePRO):

N = 243

Mean difference (95% CI)

Completed the open access intervention:

N = 300

Mean difference (95% CI)

Outpatient visits a

 Mean (SD)

0.45 (0.95)

0.42 (0.86)

0.03 (−0.11 to 0.18)

0.43 (0.91)

0.04 (−0.12 to 0.20)

 Median (Range)

0 (0–7)

0 (0–6)

0 (0–7)

Telephone consultations a

 Mean (SD)

0.99 (1.88)

1.30 (2.46)

−0.32 (− 0.68 to 0.05)

0.90 (1.80)

−0.20 (− 0.55 to 0.15)

 Median (Range)

0 (0–12)

1 (0–22)

0 (0–12)

Hospitalizations a

 Mean (SD)

0.05 (0.29)

0.09 (0.49)

−0.04 (− 0.10 to 0.03)

0.05 (0.25)

0.0002 (−0.05 to 0.05)

 Median (Range)

0 (0–3)

0 (0–5)

0 (0–2)

Emergency room visits b

 Mean (SD)

0.07 (0.38)

0.19 (0.72)

−0.11 (− 0.21 to −0.01)

0.06 (0.31)

−0.08 (− 0.18 to 0.007)

 Median (Range)

0 (0–4)

0 (0–7)

0 (0–3)

  1. The estimated intention-to-treat mean differences and 95% CIs were obtained after simple linear regression by using the bootstrap method with 1000 replications [39]
  2. The estimated per-protocol mean differences and 95% CIs were obtained after multiple linear regression adjusted for gender, age, education, cohabitation status, epilepsy duration, and seizures last year by using the bootstrap method with 1000 replications [39]
  3. SD Standard deviation, CI Confidence interval
  4. aat the Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, b at Aarhus University Hospital